Recent research suggests that the site of vaccine administration significantly influences the tissue specificity and durability of the resulting immune response. Conventional vaccines delivered by intramuscular injection may therefore be unsuitable for the prevention of diseases with tissue tropisms distinct from the site of administration. Notably, for mucosally-transmitted pathogens such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), the current inability to generate a sustain immune response at the primary site of infection, the genital mucosa, has hindered the development effective preventative vaccines.
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