Stem cell-derived blood and platelet products have the potential to meet critical medical needs. Remaining challenges exist in both the manufacturing process and additional discovery research. The manufacturing process needs to be made more efficient and cost-effective while assuring the effectiveness and safety of the blood products and enable their commercial viability. RFA-HL-15-022 supports R01 grants to address the basic or early translational research needs whereas RFA-HL-15-029 and RFA-HL-15-030 support small business awards to enable further advances in the manufacturing processes (tools and technologies) to take advantage of the existing knowledge and recent advances in the field to produce safe and functional blood and platelet products at reduced costs.